The grammatical class prefixes are:
singular: re-, ur-
dual: rá-, ur-
plural: ráx-, ur-
mass: re-, ur-
where the rightmost is the object form, as well as the form that goes on adjectives. The ráx- form sometimes causes metathesis, e.g. rekém - rákxém (not at that time, never).
Gerunds are always marked by it:
regómn (from the verb stem gómn, guard) 'guarding, to guard'
With gerunds, using the dual or plural forms can be a way of indicating iterativeness or habituality:
ráxktìk (from the verb stem ktìk, rise) 'to rise often, repeated rising'
rábampù (from the verb stem bámpù, cook) 'twice cooking, to cook twice', but more specifically the preparation of a certain crop requires cooking it twice, and rábampù most specifically refers to the preparation of this crop.
As for adverbs, some lexemes take ur-, some take re- or even ráx-.
ráxtúim - certainly, surely, truly
urmá - quickly
rewrù - soon
rakxir - for ever
ráŋum - againThe demonstratives, when taking this set of prefixes go from being determiners to having a meaning closer to 'here', 'there', etc.
nebán nekús = this stick (note: the demonstratives use the same prefixes as the nouns, not the same as the adjectives)
rebán = here
sarján sartìpí = yonder mark, that mark (visible to the speaker and listener)
reján = (over) there
gemgán gemedùliŋ = those peaks
regán = in that place, there (a distant 'there')Plural prefixes are possible, but unusual. "Raxbán raxgán" is a common expression for "all over the place". "Raxgán" sometimes is used to signify "lost, in an unknown place". The plurals may also be used to signify boundaries, i.e.
"ku-nitìsp rax-jàn k-u-(u)r-ùtur, ne-bán ne-timb, ses-jàn ses-kúmcé, sesjàn sesràm, gemgán gemegís"
neut1.sg-border gram.plur-there neut1sg-gram-stretch.along, masc-this masc-river, neut4-yon neut4-forest, neut4-yon neut4-road, neut3-that neut3-lake
The border stretches along these: this river, that forest, that road and the lake.
More later on the constructions with numerals, on particles and conjunctions as well as probably more adverbial stuff in general.
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