Thursday, June 5, 2014

Reflexivity in Tatediem

Tatediem has a complication with regards to its reflexives. Transitive verbs come in two varieties, and for want of a better term I will describe these as endoreflexive verbs and exoreflexive verbs.

Endoreflexive verbs mark reflexivity by the usual object congruence system - when the subject and object markers code for the same gender-number combination, the verb is understood as reflexive.

For exoreflexive verbs, the same construction would be parsed as referring to another entity.

endoreflexive:
Lìwkàmíl sar-ra-m-pìx 
Liwkamil fem.sg-fem.sg-present-wash 
Liwkamil washes her(self)
exoreflexive:
Tíkunam né-é-m-pág 
Tikunam masc.sg-masc.sg-present-see
Tikunam sees him
To obtain a separate object for endoreflexives, an external object is needed:
Kewmokin sar-rá-n-dàket ra-pék
Kewmokin fem.sg-fem.sg-present-"argue-in-favor-of-object" fem.sg-object.particle
Kewmokin argued in her (someone else's) favour
Kewmokin sarrándàket = Kewmokin argued in her (own) favour. 
For exoreflexives, the external object instead codes for reflexiveness, and is prefixed to the object marker -tèb. Further complications exist with regards to things such as congruence when reciprocals appear; there also are some verbs where reflexiveness is assumed for intransitive constructions.

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