Ŋʒädär Postpositions

Ŋʒädär has a bunch of postpositions. Phonologically, postpositions attach directly to nouns in some cases, but differ from case suffixes in a few ways:

• They can be coordinated by simply lining them up.
• They can go on axı, 'or(?)'.
• They can form adverbials, and can be turned into verbs as well
• They can be given intensifying morphology
• Negation of a PP works differently from negation of a 'casephrase'.

Postpositions do change to account for vowel harmony, but they tend to have a 'favoured' form that is used when they're isolated from a noun. The vowels of that form are going to be included in this list. This is not an exhaustive list of the postpositions.

-bara - around

bararok - surround
baruk - envelop
baruŋrık - to exude

-ok'an - from, out of

ok'arok - to take something out of something
ok'uk - to originate somewhere
ok'uŋrık - to give forth, to provide, to be the source of a substance
ok'uŋrut'ık - to empty out into, to be the source for some recipient (a body of water, for instance)

-nok'an -  out of

nok'arok - to empty
nok'uk - to leave, to exit

-t'as - under

t'asarok - 'cover'. -aro- is a causative marker.

-nas - below in rank, lower in stature, shorter than

nasarok - demoting someone. It seems to be formed by analogy to t'asarok.

-vige - through
-vime -  across

vime and vige share the verbal and adverbial forms vikik(tr.v), viŋik (intr.v.), vike (adv)The verbs signify 'to pass, to cross', as movement (transitive), or 'to pass, to cross (+obl location)' for something that does not move, but whose location passes or crosses something else.

-p'öt - seated on
-p'öme - riding, mounted on

Two verb forms, p'ödök (dynamic), p'ömös (static), signify getting seated or mounting (dynamic) as well as riding (static).The adverb p'ömer signifies 'by horse'.

-kamo - without

kamo as noun: flaw, fault
kamak verb: to be missing (if missing from somebody, the person lacking the thing is in 
kamər adverb, 'weakly, flawedly, with previously mentioned lack'

-gəvı - in front of, on account of, for, as an emissary of

gəvək - represent
gəvərık - block, prevent, stand in front of
gəvımık - precede
gəvıŋrık - lead