Wednesday, May 27, 2015

Barxaw: Lexical Aspect and Verbs of Perception

In Barxáw, many verbs have an aspectual component to their meaning, for instance
xéλ - say, utter (perfective or rather maybe punctual)
najɛ̀  - talk, speak, orate, (imperfective, non-punctual) 
vár - to discover someone by hearing, to perk up from hearing something, to hear a very short sound
vìk - hear, listen
bìris - to decide in favour of something
tharí - to think of something with an approving mindset
qursé - to be pricked by something, to experience a short flick of pain (that is generally not from heat)
sáré - to experience a pain that does not immediately pass (and is generally not from heat)
Now, with subordinated verbs where the main verb is one of perception, there's generally agreement between the lexical aspects of the main verb and the subordinate one, e.g.
nín qursé sa vár úŋ  - It stung, hearing you (enter or some other punctual thing like that)
*nin qursé sa vìk úŋ
nín sáré sa vìk úŋ - it pains/pained me to hear you (talk or sing or whatever)
 te úŋ vìk sa nín tiλì? - did you hear me sing?
*te ún vár sa nín tilì?
Situations where a non-punctual stimulus is perceived for just a punctual time-span requires some periphrasis:
nín tiλì, úŋ vár pex.
I sang, you discovered it/perked up from hearing it.
nín tharí sa úŋ tiλì
I think with approval of your singing, "I like your singing"

Other new vocabulary in this post:
nín: I
úŋ: you
pex: a pronoun that refers to previous clauses. Also can mean something along the lines of "thus" or "such".
sa: a subordinating particle
tiλì: sing

No comments:

Post a Comment