Monday, July 25, 2016

Detail #300: Suppletive "Half-Gender" Congruence

Consider a language with two genders, ostensibly masculine and feminine. Have another distinction that almost creates a four-way gender system:
{masculine, feminine} x {animate, inanimate}
or
{masculine, feminine} x {human, nonhuman}
Now, let's have some marker that goes on verbs sometimes (maybe, say, only in the present tense, or maybe only in realis, or whatever, the details are not so important). However, we get some verbs having a suppletive form for only one out of the four combinations:

animateinanimate
masculineroot1-root1-
feminineroot1-root2-
Each gender/animateness combination may be the one to get the exceptional form for some given verb. 

Of course, another thing can also happen: suppletive roots for the animate/inanimate distinction, but gender congruence according to masc/fem.


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